中华大刀螳形态学、生物学特性及饲养观察

Research on morphology,biological characteristics and rearing of Tenodera sinensis Saussure in laboratory

中华大刀螳Tenodera sinensis Saussure既是传统的中药材,又是重要的天敌昆虫,因而具有重要的经济价值。为了充分开发和利用中华大刀螳资源,在人工饲养条件下,对其形态学特征和生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明:中华大刀螳为渐变态昆虫,一生经历卵、若虫和成虫3个虫态。室内1年完成1个世代,且无越冬现象。若虫共8龄,以1龄若虫发育历期最短,平均为11.73 d,8龄若虫发育历期最长,平均为24.75 d;3龄若虫存活率最低,为81.08%,5龄若虫存活率最高,为100%;雌、雄成虫阶段的平均历期为99.36 d和72.86 d。此外,本文介绍了中华大刀螳各虫态的形态特征和生物学特性。

Tenodera sinensis Saussur are both traditional Chinese medicinal material and enemy insect,with important economic value.In order to fully utilize its resources,the morphology and biological characteristics of T.sinensis were studied at condition of artificial feeding in labratory.The results showed that T.sinensis was paurometabolism with three stages in life cycle and one generation in a year including egg,nymph and adult.A generation of T.sinensis could be completed by artificial breeding indoor without overwintering.Nymphs of T.sinensis often emerged after 8 instars.The 1 st instar nymphs had the shortest developmental duration of 11.73 days and the 8 th instar nymph had the longest developmental duration of 24.75 days.The survival rate of 3 th nymphs was the lowest(81.08%)and that of 5 th instar nymphs was the highest(100%).The average developmental duration of female and male were 99.36 days and 72.86 days respectively.In addition,this paper introduced the morphology and biological characteristics of each age.