高危肺癌患者术前应用肝素预防静脉血栓栓塞的临床效果及安全性分析

Analysis of the effectiveness and safety of preoperative prophylactic heparin for preventing venous thrombosis in patients with high-risk lung cancer

目的评估高危肺癌患者术前应用肝素预防静脉血栓栓塞的有效性和安全性。方法选取2015年5月—2019年5月于阜宁县人民医院治疗的肺癌患者,共102例。将患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组51例。观察组术前行预防性肝素抗凝,随后再接受常规治疗;对照组直接进行常规治疗。比较2组患者术后血栓栓塞发生率,评估肝素使用的安全性。结果与对照组比较,观察组的血栓栓塞总发生率显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组术后D-二聚体(D-D)水平显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后血小板计数(PLT)的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论高危肺癌患者术前预防性应用肝素可有效预防静脉血栓栓塞的发生,患者用药后安全性较好,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of heparin treatment before operation for preventing venous thrombosis in patients with high-risk lung cancer.Methods A total of 102 patients with high-risk lung cancer who were admitted to Funing People′s Hospital from May 2015 to May 2019 were enrolled.They were randomly divided into two groups(n=51):an observation group and a control group.Patients in the observation group were treated with heparin followed by routine treatment.Meanwhile,the control group received routine treatment alone.Both groups were compared for postoperative thrombotic complications and the safety of heparin use was evaluated.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group showed remarkable decreases in the total incidence of thromboembolism as well as postoperative D-dimer(D-D)value(P<0.05).However,no statistical difference was found in the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and postoperative platelet between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Preoperative prophylactic treatment with heparin can effectively prevent venous thrombosis in patients with high-risk lung cancer.