南太平洋5岛国与欧盟15国农产品贸易探析

Analysis on the Trade of Agricultural Products Between the Five Island Countries in the South Pacific and 15 Countries in the European Union

【目的/意义】分析南太平洋5岛国(巴布亚新几内亚、斐济、萨摩亚、汤加和瓦努阿图)与欧盟15国农产品贸易,总结5岛国农产品贸易存在的优势与不足,以期推动南太平洋岛国农产品国际竞争力的提高。【方法/过程】利用UN Comtrade数据和HS编码,描述南太平洋5岛国与欧盟15国农产品贸易规模与结构,测算贸易强度指数、显示性比较优势指数、贸易互补性指数,分国别探析5岛国不同类别农产品对欧盟15国贸易特征状况。【结果/结论】研究发现,南太平洋5岛国与欧盟15国之间整体农产品贸易联系不紧密,出口比较优势不明显;与欧盟15国第三类、四类农产品互补性较强;指出南太平洋5岛国存在生产要素缺乏,产品生产单一,相关及支持性产业不健全等不足;提出5岛国应互相借鉴,抓住机遇深化与欧盟15国发展合作,利用比较优势优化出口结构,提升对欧盟15国农产品国际竞争力水平。

【Objective/Meaning】The trade of agricultural products between the five island countries in the South Pacific(Papua New Guinea,Fiji,Samoa,Tonga,and Vanuatu)and the 15 countries in the European Union was analyzed in this paper,and the advantages and disadvantages of the agricultural product trade of the five island countries were found out,in order to promote the improvement of the international competitiveness of agricultural products of the island countries in the South Pacific.【Methods/Procedures】By using the UN Comtrade data and HS code,the scale and structure of agricultural trade between the five island countries in the South Pacific and the 15 countries in the European Union were described.By calculating the trade intensity index,revealed comparative advantage index and trade complementarity index,the trade characteristics of different categories of agricultural products between the five island countries and the 15 countries in the European Union by country were explored.【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that the overall agricultural product trade between the five island countries in the South Pacific and the 15 countries in the European Union was not closely linked,and the export comparative advantage was not obvious.The third and fourth categories of agricultural products between the five island countries and the 15 countries in the European Union were highly complementary.It was pointed out that the five island countries had some shortcomings such as insufficient production factors,single product production,and incomplete relevant and supporting industries.Therefore,the five island countries should learn from each other,seize the opportunity to deepen their development cooperation with the 15 countries in the European Union,and optimize the export structure by using their comparative advantages,so as to enhance their international competitiveness of agricultural products against the 15 countries in the European Union.