探讨提高糖尿病患者自我管理水平对策

Exploration on the Countermeasures to Improve the Self-management Level of Diabetic Patients

目的了解糖尿病患者自我管理水平及其影响因素,寻找对策提高其自我管理水平。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取福建医科大学附属协和医院中2019年10—12月的住院糖尿病患者100例,对其进行问卷调查。结果患者自我管理水平总体较差,各因子水平不一,92%的患者能较好的按医生要求规律服药,但是在饮食、运动、血糖监测、足部护理等方面却表现较差。得分最高的是用药行为,而在饮食、运动、血糖监测、足部护理等方面的实际得分较低。影响糖尿病自我管理水平主要因素有:60例(23.1%)自己对有关糖尿病的自我保健知识了解较少(如饮食、运动、自我护理等方面);56例(21.5%)缺乏专业人员帮助制定适合自己的糖尿病控制方案,并给予监督。结论糖尿病患者的自我管理水平较差,疾病控制情况也较差,因此,护理人员应积极寻找对策提高其自我管理水平,进而改善糖尿病控制效果。

Objective To understand the self-management level of diabetic patients and its influencing factors,and to find countermeasures to improve their self-management level.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 100 hospitalized diabetic patients from the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University from October to December 2019 to conduct a questionnaire survey.Results The overall level of patient self-management was poor,and the levels of various factors were different.92%of patients were able to take medications as required by doctors,but performed poorly in diet,exercise,blood glucose monitoring,and foot care.The highest score was medication behavior,while the actual scores are lower in diet,exercise,blood glucose monitoring,and foot care.The main factors that affect the level of diabetes self-management were:60 cases(23.1%)had little knowledge of self health care related to diabetes(such as diet,exercise,self-care,etc.);56 cases(21.5%)lack of professional help to develop a suitable diabetes control program,and supervised.Conclusion Diabetes patients have poor self-management and poor disease control.Therefore,nursing staff should actively seek countermeasures to improve their self-management level and improve the effect of diabetes control.