细节护理管理对脊柱后路手术患者高危部位压力性损伤发生情况、压力性损伤知识认知度、护理质量的影响

Effects of detailed nursing management on the occurrence of pressure injuries in high-risk parts,the knowledge recognition degree of pressure injuries and the quality of nursing of patients with posterior spinal surgery

目的探讨细节护理管理在预防脊柱后路手术患者高危部位压力性损伤中的效果。方法选取2019年3月至2020年3月择期行脊柱后路手术的74例患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各37例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施细节护理管理。比较两组的压力性损伤知识认知度、压力性损伤发生情况、舒适度、生存质量及护理质量。结果观察组压力性损伤知识认知率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组各期压力性损伤发生率与对照组比较,差异不显著(P>0.05);但观察组Ⅰ~Ⅳ期压力性损伤的总发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。管理后,观察组GCQ、WHOQOL-BRFE评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。管理后,观察组护理人员压力性损伤风险评估、翻身体位、皮肤护理评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论细节护理管理可有效预防脊柱后路手术患者高危部位压力性损伤的发生,提高患者对压力性损伤知识的认知度、生活质量及护理人员的护理质量。

Objective To discuss the effect of detailed nursing management on prevention of pressure injuries in high-risk parts of patients with posterior spinal surgery.Methods A total of 74 patients electived for posterior spinal surgery from March 2019 to March 2020 were selected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 37 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received detailed nursing management.The knowledge recognition degree of pressure injuries,occurrence of pressure injury,comfort,quality of life and nursing quality were compared between the two groups.Results The knowledge cognitive rate of pressure injury in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidences of each period pressure injuries between the observation group and the control group(P>0.05);but the total incidence of pressure injury in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After management,the GCQ and WHOQOL-BRFE scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After management,the scores of pressure injury risk assessment,turning over position and skin nursing of nursing staff in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Detailed nursing management can effectively prevent the occurrence of pressure injury in high-risk parts of patients with posterior spinal surgery,and improve patients'knowledge recognition degree of pressure injuries,quality of life and nursing quality of nursing staff.