模糊区间型综合决策方法在水质评价中的应用

Application of the Fuzzy Interval Multi⁃Attribute Assessment in the Analysis of Water Quality

污染事故对水质安全构成了严重威胁,污染事故水质评价可以准确判定事故对水质的影响。针对传统水质评价模型存在不能反映水质监测值动态变化特征、水质优劣指标间相互过度补偿,以及无法区分同一类型水质优劣的问题,构建模糊区间型多属性综合评价模型,改进现有水质评价方法。该模型将水质监测信息集按一定规则聚合转换成区间数,开展水质监测测度区间与各类水质标准区间的相似度判定,基于优化主客观综合赋权法开展水质指标赋权,并采用模糊综合评价法计算待测水体模糊综合评价指数,确定水质类别。将模糊区间型多属性综合评价模型应用于大伙房水库暴雨后水质变化分析的实例表明:评价模型生成的模糊综合评价指数可以区分出同类水质的优劣,改进模型适用于特大暴雨等突发污染事故的水质评价研究。

Pollution accidents pose a serious threat to the safety of water quality.Water quality assessment of pollution accidents can accu⁃rately determine the impact of accidents on water quality.The traditional water quality evaluation model can not reflect the dynamic change characteristics of water quality monitoring values and it has the problem of overcompensation between good and bad indexes in the process of evaluation.Moreover,it cannot distinguish the quality of the same grade of water quality,so a fuzzy interval multi⁃attribute comprehensive water quality evaluation model has been built to improve the effect of existing water quality assessment methods.In this model,the informa⁃tion set of water quality monitoring was aggregated into interval numbers according to certain rules and the similarity between the water quality monitoring measurement interval and various water quality standard intervals was determined.Based on the optimization subjective and objec⁃tive comprehensive weighting method,the water quality index was weighted and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to calcu⁃late the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index of the water to be evaluated,so as to determine the water quality.The application of the fuzzy interval multi⁃attribute comprehensive water quality evaluation model to the analysis of water quality changes before and after the rainstorm in Dahuofang Reservoir shows that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation index generated by the evaluation model can distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of the same water quality and the improved model is suitable for the study of water quality evaluation of sudden pollution accidents such as heavy rainstorm.