儿童自然缺失症略论——基于英国学界的文献考察

A Brief Discussion about Children’s Nature-Deficit Disorder:Based on Analysis of Related Literature in British Academia

“自然缺失症”是一个用以描述人类尤其是儿童因疏远自然而付出的种种代价的术语。儿童疏远自然的后果包括:儿童出现各种身心健康问题,儿童博物学知识和冒险精神匮乏,儿童环境敏感性和环保意识削弱,等等。儿童与自然重新联结的主要益处包括健康益处、教育益处和环境益处。实现儿童与自然的重新联结面临着重重障碍,如电子科技产品的诱惑、交通问题、规避风险的态度、来自陌生人的危险、权威人士的态度等。抵制儿童自然缺失症,实现儿童与自然的重新联结,应成为任何与儿童相关的个人、家庭、学校、机构等各方力量一致决定做的事情,唯有如此,真正的变革才有望发生。

Nature-Deficit Disorder is a term used to describe the various costs that human beings,especially children,pay for being alienated from nature.The consequences of children’s alienation from nature include:various physical and mental health problems,their lack of natural history knowledge and the spirit of adventure,their weakened environmental sensitivity and environmental awareness,etc.The main benefits of children’s reconnection with nature include health benefits,educational benefits and environmental benefits.However,reconnecting children with nature faces many obstacles,such as the temptation of electronic technology products,traffic problems,risk-averse attitudes,dangers from strangers,authorities’attitudes,etc.Combating children’s nature-deficit disorder and reconnecting children with nature should be done by all parties concerned with children,including individuals,families,schools and institutions.Only in this way can real changes happen.