环境应急管理:社会组织参与的三重困境及其消解

Environmental Emergency Management:The Triple Dilemma of Social Organization Participation and Its Resolution

突发环境事件及其引发的社会问题已成为当代风险社会的重要表征,环境应急管理过程实质上是多元主体协同的治理过程。我国社会组织的日益强大催动其积极参与突发环境事件,借以弥补政府单一主体应急过程中的"失灵"现象。但社会组织面临传统制度性限制、自身独立性障碍、公众信任化危机等三重困境,制约了其自身优势的发挥。针对当前困境则需要从制度环境、自身能力、群众基础三个维度进行改善,搭建政民互动平台,构建现代环境治理体系,提高环境应急效率,进而推进新时代社会主义生态文明建设。

The environmental emergencies and the social problems caused by them have become an important representation of the contemporary risk society.The process of environmental emergency management is essentially a collaborative governance process of multiple subjects.The growing strength of China's social organizations urges them to actively participate in environmental emergencies,so as to make up for the"failure"phenomenon in the process of government's single subject emergency.However,social organizations are faced with three dilemmas,such as traditional institutional constraints,self independence barriers,and public trust crisis,which restrict the exertion of their own advantages.In view of the current predicament,we need to improve from the three dimensions of institutional environment,self-ability and mass foundation,build the interactive platform between the government and people,build a modern environmental governance system,improve the efficiency of environmental emergency and then promote the construction of socialist ecological civilization in the new era.