绿色技术创新能否推动中国制造业GVC攀升?——基于WIOD数据的实证检验

Can Green Technology Innovation Promote GVC of China s Manufacturing Industry?——Empirical Test Based on WIOD Data

本文基于2000~2014年WIOD世界投入产出数据,测算全球43个经济体制造业行业的上游度、技术复杂度等指标,重新界定制造业行业升级方向,并以中国为研究对象实证检验绿色技术创新对制造业全球价值链升级的影响。研究结果表明,相较于发达国家,中国制造业处于全球价值链的上游位置,但分工地位较低、控制能力较弱;绿色技术创新与制造业全球价值链升级呈U型关系,即绿色技术创新跨越一定门槛才可推动制造业全球价值链升级;从绿色技术创新和全球价值链升级的行业异质性检验来看,上游主导型行业的二者呈显著的U型关系,下游主导型行业的二者呈显著的负相关关系,而混合主导型行业的二者呈正相关关系、但不显著。传导机制的检验结果表明,绿色技术创新可通过降低嵌入性依赖、改善出口贸易及降低污染成本来推动制造业全球价值链升级。

Based on the WIOD world input-output data from 2000 to 2014,this paper measures the indicators such as the upstream degree and technical complexity of the manufacturing industry in 43 economies around the world and redefines the direction of upgrading of the manufacturing industry.Furthermore,China is used as a research object to empirically test the specific impact of the green technology innovation on the global value chain upgrading of the manufacturing industry.The results show that compared with developed countries,China s manufacturing industry is in the upstream position in the global value chain,but its division of labor is relatively low,and its global value chain control ability is weak.There is a U-shaped relationship between the Green technology innovation and the global value chain upgrading of the manufacturing industry,which means that when the green technology innovation crosses certain thresholds,it can promote the global value chain upgrading of the manufacturing industry.The industry heterogeneity test of the green technology innovation and the global value chain upgrading shows that the two aspects of the upstream dominant industry have a significant U-shaped relationship,whereas those of the downstream leading industry have a significant negative correlation,and those of the mixed-oriented industry have a positively correlated but insignificant relationship.Besides,the green technology innovation can promote the upgrading of the global value chain of the manufacturing industry by reducing embedded dependence,improving export trade,and reducing pollution costs.