环境温度下晶硅光伏组件的直冷背板散热分析

Analyses of heat dissipation of direct-cooling backsheets of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules at ambient temperatures

晶硅光伏组件的工作温度严重制约着电池效率及组件寿命的提升,因此光伏冷却研究具有重要意义.通过将纳米结构引入主流光伏组件的高分子背板,从而获得具有增强热传导及热辐射特性的直冷背板,已成为新一代光伏冷却技术的发展趋势.本文聚焦于组件背面的散热特性研究,联合能量平衡方程及光学模拟,分别计算了三种典型环境温度下标准背板与直冷背板的热学功率及降温效果.计算中采用主流商用硅电池的结构参数及封装方式,详细讨论了背板的传热系数与发射率增强对光伏组件热学过程及工作温度的影响.以期为光伏组件直冷背板的设计与制备提供方向.

The working temperature of the crystalline silicon photovoltaic(PV)module seriously restricts the cell efficiency and the module lifetime.Therefore,it is of great significance to investigate the cooling effects of PV modules.Recently,introducing nanostructures into polymer backsheets to obtain direct-cooling effects due to enhanced heat conduction and radiation characteristics,has become a new trend for PV cooling technology.In this paper,we study the backside thermal properties of the PV module by combining the energy balance equation and optical simulations.The thermal power and cooling effect are calculated and compared between the standard backsheet and three types of direct-cooling backsheets for three typical ambient temperatures.The structure parameters and encapsulating mode of mainstream commercial silicon cells are adopted in the simulations and calculations.The influences of thermal parameters,i.e,the heat transfer coefficient and the emissivity,on the thermal process and the operating temperature are discussed in detail.We hope that this study may provide a certain reference for the future design of PV-direct-cooling backsheets.