传统法文化中的价值评判基准——从胡适的《中国传统中的自然法》切入

The Value Standard in Chinese Traditional Law Culture:Based on Hu Shih’s Theory of Chinese Traditional Natural Law

胡适在《中国传统中的自然法》中尝试将西方法律文化中的"自然法"概念与中国传统法律思想进行比较,列举"天道"、"天理"与儒家经典的传统文化概念,共同构成了价值判断之基准。这一观点为当代法学理论与传统法律思想的衔接架构了桥梁,但其研究缺乏足够的系统性。只有在历史与哲学的视野中把握共性,让"自然法"这一话题在中国特有语境之下得到恰当的表达,方能构建真正属于本土的现代法律思想与体制。可以在胡适所提供的研究视角下,探讨传统文化中特有的"天理"-"人道"体系,该体系通过天人感应、道德约束各层面的作用,担纲了传统社会中的价值评判基准之任务。

In his article"Natural Law in Chinese Tradition,"Hu Shih tried to compare the concept of"nat-ural law"in Western legal tradition with that in Chinese traditional rule of law.Hu Shih put forward theconcept of traditional culture,including"the way of Heaven"(Tao),"Universal Reason"(Li)andConfucian classics,which together constitute the standard of value judgment.This view provides abridge between the contemporary legal theory and the traditional legal thought,but its research also hassome limitations.Only by expressing the topic of"natural law"in the unique context of China,canwe build a local modern legal system.On this basis,the author deconstructs and reorganizes Hu Shih’sviews,and points out that the unique system of"natural principle-humanity"in traditional culture isthe internal context of traditional natural law elements.The system takes on the task of value evaluationstandard in traditional society.