时段偏好的高铁开行方案的双层规划方法

A bi-level programming approach of period-preferred train operations for high-speed railways

在一条拥挤的高速铁路客运走廊上,通常有多列平行车次的列车在不同的时段运行,旅客在出行时具有较大的选择空间。旅客对出行时段的偏好是影响旅客需求分布的最重要因素,最大限度地满足旅客对出行时间的偏好需求,并合理制定列车开行方案引导旅客合理出行以避免出行拥挤是本文的研究目的。首先分析影响旅客出行时段偏好的2个重要因素,吸引度与拥挤度。据此构建旅客出行阻抗函数,并建立一个双层规划模型,上层规划是以运营成本最小为目标的整数规划模型,用于确定列车停站方案和开行频率;下层规划是一个用户平衡模型,用于计算客流在优化的停站方案上基于用户均衡的分配结果。最后,根据模型特点设计了嵌套Frank-Wolfe算法的启发式算法,并通过仿真计算对模型和算法的可行性进行了验证和分析。

There are a few trains running parallelly on a congested high-speed railway corridor at different periods daily.Hence passengers can choose freely among them.Their preference of departing period choice is the main factor determining the distribution of passenger demands.The objective of this paper was to meet,to the maximum extent possible,the passengers’preference demands of departing periods and to work out reasonable train stopping operations to avoid congestion.Firstly,two vital affecting factors,attractivity and congestion,were analyzed.Meanwhile,the passenger travel impedance function was established,and a bi-level programming model was constructed.The upper integer planning model regarded the minimum operation cost as the goal to decide train stopping operations and its running frequency.The lower model was a user-equilibrium one aimed at distributing passenger flows scheme based on the optimal train stopping operation.Finally,a heuristic algorithm embedded with Frank-Wolfe algorithm was designed based on model characteristics,and a simulation calculation was carried outto verify both the model and the algorithm.