基于改进Hotelling模型的中欧班列运营商竞合关系研究

Research on the co-opetition of the CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Express operator based on the extended Hotelling model

针对中欧班列运营商间竞争与合作并存发展问题,综合考虑集装箱运输成本、地理位置、运输费率、利润分配占比等因素,利用改进Hotelling模型,构建了完全竞争模式(NC)和半合作模式(HC)2种竞合模式,并通过对比、仿真分析研究2种竞合模式下班列运营商的最优决策。结果表明:1)只有两方班列运营商的利润分配占比同时满足一定条件时,二者方能合作结成中欧班列运营商联盟。2)班列运营商为获得更大的市场份额,若合作后的集装箱运输成本大于阈值,竞争是最优策略;反之,合作是最优策略。3)当班列运营商的集装箱运输成本接近时,采取合作策略能提高中欧班列运营商联盟的均衡利润。

In view of the coexistence of competition and cooperation,which is the existing problem of CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Express operator.This paper considered the influence of container transportation costs,geographical differences,terminal transportation rates and proportion of profit distribution,and made full use of the extended Hotelling model,built two types of co-opetition models which were the non-cooperative model(NC)and half-cooperative model(HC).Such two models were compared and the simulation analysis was performed to make optimal decisions.The results are show blow that:1)Only when the proportion of the profit distribution of the CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Express operator meets certain conditions can a CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Express operator alliance be formed.2)When the container transportation costs in cooperation are greater than the threshold,CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Express operator wants to get greater market share,competition is the optimal strategy;otherwise,cooperation is the optimal strategy.3)When the container transportation costs of the CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Expressoperator are approaching,adopting a cooperative strategy can increase the profits of the CHINA-EUROPE RAILWAY Express operator alliance.