锂离子电池硅基负极材料的预锂化研究进展

Challenges and Recent Progress of Prelithiation for Si-Based Anodes in Lithium-ion Batteries

锂离子二次电池已成为日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,而现有的锂离子电池并不能完全满足电动汽车领域高能量密度的要求,发展具有高能量密度的电极材料是解决问题的关键.硅负极因理论比容量高、脱嵌锂电位低、来源广泛等优点而备受关注,但其巨大的体积变化(约300%)以及低的首次库仑效率阻碍了其商业应用.预锂化技术可以有效提高首次库仑效率、实现高性能硅基负极,本文阐述了预锂化的科学必要性,介绍了各种预锂化的方法以及优缺点,最后对硅基负极预锂化应用的挑战和前景进行了展望.

Secondary lithium-ion battery(LIB)plays an important role in our daily life,however,state-of-the-art LIBs cannot meet the high-energy-density demand of electric vehicles and large-scale gird,developing high-capacity electrode materials is a must.Recently,Si anode has attracted much attention due to its high theoretical specific capacity,low electrochemical potential,and abundance in the earth’s crust,but the large volume change(ca.300%)during cycling and low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)severely hinder its practical applications.Prelithiation as a promising strategy has been proven effective to improve the ICE for high-performance Si-based anodes.This review focuses on demonstrating the scientific significance of prelithiation,systemically introducing various methods of prelithiation by recent advances and analyzing their own advan-tages and disadvantages,and finally proposing the challenges and prospects of the prelithiation of Si-based anodes.