基于环境建模的物联网系统TAP规则生成方法

Approach to Generating TAP Rules in IoT Systems Based on Environment Modeling

用户需求是物联网智能服务的根本驱动力,如IFTTT等很多物联网框架允许用户使用简单的触发-命令编程(TAP)规则进行编程,但它们描述的是设备调度程序,并不是用户服务需求.一些物联网系统提出采用面向目标的需求方法,支持服务目标的分解,但很难保证物联网不同服务间的一致性和服务部署的完整性.为了支持正确的"用户编程"并保证用户服务需求的一致性与完整性,提出了基于环境建模的TAP规则自动生成方法,在用户提供的服务需求的基础上,根据环境模型自动推导出所需的系统行为,以检测系统行为的一致性和完整性,并最终自动生成TAP规则,实现从用户服务需求到物联网设备调度的自动生成.构建了物联网应用场景的环境本体以建模环境,并定义了基于环境本体的服务需求的描述方法.另外,针对方法的准确性、效率、性能以及构建环境本体的时间开销,在智能家居场景上进行了评估.结果表明,所提方法的准确性、效率和性能均超过可用阈值,且在需求达到一定数量后,构建环境本体花费的时间可忽略不计.

User requirements are the fundamental driving force of smart services in Internet of Things(Io T). Today, many Io T frameworks such as IFTTT allow end users to use simple trigger-action programing(TAP) rules for programing. But these rules describe device scheduling instructions instead of user service requirements. Some Io T systems propose goal oriented requirement approaches to support service goal decomposition. But it is difficult to ensure the consistency of different services and completeness of service deployment. In order to achieve correct "user programming" in Io T systems and ensure consistency and completeness of user requirements,this study proposes an environment modeling based automatic approach to generate TAP rules. Based on the service requirements provided by users, required system behaviors are automatically extracted according to the environment model. After checking their consistency and completeness, TAP rules are generated, which realizes automatic generation from user service requirements to device scheduling instructions. The environment ontology of Io T application scenarios is constructed to model the environment, and the description method of service requirements is also defined. Finally, the accuracy, efficiency, performance of the approach and the time cost for building the environment ontology are evaluated with a smart home scenario. The results show that the accuracy, efficiency, and performance of this approach exceed the available threshold, and the time cost in building the environment ontology can be ignored when the number of requirements reaches a certain number.