凉山山系国家重点保护野生植物热点分析

Hot Spot Analysis of National Key Protected Wild Plants in Liangshan Mountains

对物种丰富度格局和分布热点地区进行分析研究是保护生物多样性的有效手段和途径。基于国家重点保护野生植物名录(第一批),选择凉山山系国家重点保护野生植物作为指示物种,通过对该地区指示物种进行指标定量化评价处理,计算每一物种的优先保护值,并确定物种的优先保护顺序。采用ArcGIS地理信息系统软件,结合文献、科考报告信息,对凉山山系国家重点保护植物的分布空间、分布格局进行分析,并通过物种丰富度分布格局确定热点区,最后将热点区与已有的自然保护区进行重叠,得出保护空缺地。研究结果表明,凉山山系共有国家重点保护野生植物50种,隶属于27科40属。其中国家一级重点保护野生植物8种,国家二级重点保护野生植物42种,中国特有种27种。将优先值≥0.7的定义为优先保护植物物种,经统计共14个物种种类。植物物种丰富度最高的地区为屏山县、沐川县和雷波县,指定面积内物种种类分别有12种、7种和6种,通过丰富度定义的热点地区面积占整个凉山山系总面积的0.77%,空缺地为雷波县马湖乡和桂花村。本次对国家重点保护植物的优先保护次序和热点地区的研究,可提高凉山山系重点保护野生植物的有效性,为本地区植物保护提供基础资料和物种多样性的保护提供科学依据。

The analysis of species richness patterns and distribution hotspots is an effective way to protect biodiversity.Based on the National key protected wild plants list(the first batch),we selected the national key protected wild plants in Liangshan Mountains as indicator species.Through quantitative evaluation of indicator species in this region,we calculated the priority conservation value of each species and determined the priority conservation order of each species.Using ArcGIS geographic information system software,combined with literature and scientific research report information,the distribution space and distribution pattern of the Liangshan Mountain System National key protected wild plants were analyzed,and the hot spots were determined by the species richness distribution pattern,and finally the hot spots were overlapped with the existing nature reserves to obtain the protection vacancy.The results of the study showed that there were 50 species of National key protected wild plants in the Liangshan Mountains,belonging to 27 families and 40 genera.Among them,there were 8 species of national first-level key protected wild plants,42 species of national second-level key protected wild plants,and 27 species endemic to China.The priority value≥0.7 was defined as the priority protected plant species,and a total of 14 species species were counted.The areas with the highest plant species richness were Pingshan County,Muchuan County and Leibo County,with 12 species,7 species and 6 species in the designated area,respectively.The hotspots defined by richness in this paper accounted for 0.77%of the total area of Liangshan Mountain System,and the vacant areas were Mahu Township and Guihua Village in Leibo County.This research on the priority protection order and hotspots of national key protected plants could improve the effectiveness of the key protected wild plants in the Liangshan Mountains,and provided basic information for plant protection in this region and provided scientific basis for the protection of species diversity.