回应性刑事立法反思——以《刑法修正案(十一)》为视角

Reflection on Responsive Criminal Legislation——From the Perspective of Criminal Law Amendment(11)

随着社会发展,刑法规范随之发生变化是必然的,但是刑法修正是一项科学严谨的工作,不应当随意被民意影响而动摇其立法价值。回应性刑事立法旨在解决当下社会中已经发生且引发广泛关注的问题,屈从民意在刑法中作出回应的非理性立法模式。在《刑法修正案(十一)》中针对近年来社会热点问题进行了回应,包括长生疫苗问题、冒名顶替上大学问题、性侵幼女案件问题,回应性刑事立法的应急性使其仓促、粗浅,并且非理性,在刑法体系中时常会出现兼容难问题,而且容易使得刑法沦为社会治理的工具,所以刑事立法应当坚持其自身规律,保证立法品质,维护法律权威,坚持谦抑主义,发挥好最后一道防线的作用。

With the development of society,it is inevitable that the criminal law norms will change accordingly,but the amendment of the criminal law is a scientific and rigorous work,and its legislative value should not be arbitrarily influenced by public opinion.Responsive criminal legislation refers to an irrational legislative model that submits to public opinions and make corresponding amendments when severe issues occurred in the current society and sparked widespread concern.The Criminal Law Amendment(11)has responded to hot social issues in recent years,including the issue of Changsheng vaccines,imposters going to college,and cases of sexual assault on young girls.The urgency of responsive criminal legislation makes it hasty,superficial and irrational.In the criminal law system,problems of compatibility often arise,and criminal law is easily reduced to a tool of social governance.Therefore,criminal legislation should adhere to its own rules,ensure the quality of legislation,maintain legal authority,adhere to modesty,and play a good role as the last line of defense.