28份包装标注为敌草快成分的除草剂检测分析

Detection and analysis of 28 herbicides labeled as diquat in packaging

目的分析国内市场销售的包装标注为敌草快除草剂的确切成分并检测其有效成分浓度,为指导临床急性敌草快中毒的精准化诊治提供实验依据。方法购置28份国内市场销售的包装标注浓度为200.0 g/L的敌草快除草剂,应用高效液相色谱质谱(HPLC-MS)检测样品的确切成分和浓度,并对检测结果以及样品来源进行统计分析。结果28份包装标注为敌草快的除草剂中有23份(占82.14%)含有敌草快成分,5份(占17.86%)检测出百草枯成分,未检测出同时含有敌草快和百草枯的样品。含有敌草快成分的样品检测浓度明显高于含有百草枯成分的样品浓度(g/L:164.7±27.5比79.4±57.0,P<0.05)。23份含有敌草快的样品中有5份浓度达标(≥200.0 g/L),其余样品均不达标。5份含有百草枯的样品中检出最高浓度为179.0g/L,其余4份均显著低于200.0 g/L。按检出浓度不同将样品分为4组,其中<50.0 g/L组检出1份百草枯样品,50.0~99.9 g/L组检出3份百草枯样品,100.0~149.9 g/L组检出6份敌草快样品,≥150.0 g/L组检出17份敌草快样品和1份百草枯样品。检测出含有敌草快成分的除草剂生产企业分布于山东省(9家)、河北省(4家)、河南省(3家)、安徽省(2家)、江苏省(2家)、重庆市(2家)、广西壮族自治区(1家)。检测出的含百草枯成分的5家除草剂生产企业分布于安徽省、河北省、广西壮族自治区、浙江省和广东省各1家。结论国内销售包装标注为敌草快的除草剂部分商品确切成分为百草枯,无论是敌草快和百草枯成分,大部分商品的浓度均低于标注的200.0 g/L。我国目前有部分企业存在生产假冒伪劣敌草快除草剂的现象,要实现急性敌草快中毒的精准化诊疗,毒物检测分析必不可少,可以降低该类中毒的误诊率。

Objective To analyze the exact components of herbicide labeled as diquat in the domestic market and detect the concentration of its effective components,so as to provide experimental basis for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of acute diquat poisoning.Methods The 28 copies of diquat herbicide with concentration of 200.0 g/L in the domestic market were purchased,high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS)was used to determine the exact composition and concentration of the samples,and the detection results and sample sources were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 28 samples of herbicides labeled as diquat,23 samples(82.14%)contained diquat,5 samples(17.86%)contained paraquat,and no sample containing both diquat and paraquat was detected.The detected concentration of diquat was significantly higher than that of paraquat(g/L:164.7±27.5 vs.79.4±57.0,P<0.05).Among the 23 samples containing diquat,5 samples reached the standard(≥200.0 g/L),and the rest were not up to the standard.The highest concentration in5 paraquat samples was 179.0 g/L,and the concentration of remaining 4 samples was significantly lower than 200.0 g/L.The samples were divided into 4 groups according to different concentration.One paraquat sample was detected in<50.0 g/L group,3 paraquat samples were detected in 50.0-99.9 g/L group,6 diquat samples were detected in 100.0-149.9 g/L group,17 diquat samples and 1 paraquat sample were detected in≥150.0 g/L group.The herbicide production enterprises containing diquat were detected in 9 enterprises in Shandong Province,4 in Hebei Province,3 in Henan Province,2 in Anhui Province,2 in Jiangsu Province,2 in Chongqing City and 1 in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.The manufacturers producing herbicide with paraquat were distributed in Anhui Province,Hebei Province,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Zhejiang Province and Guangdong Province respectively.Conclusions In the domestic market,the exact component of some herbicides labeled as diquat in packaging is paraquat.The concentration of most the products is lower than 200.0 g/L of the marked content.At present,some enterprises in our country produce fake and inferior diquat herbicide.In order to realize the accurate diagnosis and treatment of acute diquat poisoning,it is necessary to detect and analyze the poison,which can reduce the misdiagnosis rate of this kind of poisoning.