老年骨质疏松症患者认知功能状况调查研究

Investigation of cognitive function in the elderly patients with osteoporosis

目的通过老年骨质疏松症患者认知功能状况调查研究,探讨老年骨质疏松症认知功能相关因素。方法选择完成骨密度(BMD)检查444例骨质疏松症老年人(年龄≥60岁)为研究对象,由经过统一培训的医务人员进行问卷调查,调查问卷包括:基本情况、实验室检查项目、简易精神状况量表、临床痴呆评定量表、日常生活能力量表。采用SAS 9.4软件进行数据统计分析,对老年骨质疏松症患者认知情况影响因素进行分析,将单因素分析中有统计学意义(P<0.05)变量纳入多分类Logistic回归模型进行逐步回归多因素分析。结果老年骨质疏松症患者认知功能障碍患病率较高,影响认知情况单因素分析,结果显示性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、记忆力下降、吸烟、饮酒、经常参加体育锻炼、食蛋习惯、饮淡茶习惯、服用激素、补钙、不同兴趣爱好、参加社区活动、高血压、冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、无慢性疾病、三酰甘油、总胆固醇,高密度脂蛋白、髋部骨密度可能与老年骨质疏松症患者认知功能相关(P<0.05);Logistic多因素分析结果显示年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、记忆力下降、饮酒、食蛋情况、服用激素、参加社区活动、高血压、冠心病、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、髋部骨密度可能与老年骨质疏松症患者认知功能相关(P<0.05)。结论老年骨质疏松症应关注认知功能筛查,预防教育活动需要关注影响认知功能因素,宣教健康生活方式,提高生活质量,减少老年痴呆发病率。

Objective To explore the interfering factors of cognitive function in the elderly patients with osteoporosis through questionnaire survey.Methods In this study,we used the convenient sampling method to select the aged outpatients and inpatients in Geriatrics Department of Chengdu First People’s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.About 444 elderly patients with osteoporosis(age ≥ 60 years old) were selected as the research objects to receive bone mineral density(BMD) test.The questionnaire survey was conducted by medical staff who had received unified training.The survey items from basic information,laboratory examination,mini mental state scale,clinical dementia assessment scale and daily activities living scale were included.We used sas9.4 software for data analysis,analyzed the influencing factors of cognitive function in the elderly patients with osteoporosis,and brought the statistically significant(P<0.05) variables in the single factor analysis into the multi classification logistic regression model for stepwise regression analysis.Results The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction is relatively high in the elderly patients with osteoporosis.It was shown in the uni-variate analysis that the cognitive function in the elderly patients with osteoporosis(P<0.05) may be related to gender,age,education level,marital status,memory decline,smoking,drinking,regular physical exercise,egg eating habit,light tea drinking,hormone taking,calcium supplement,different interests and hobbies,community activities, hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non-chronic disease,triglyceride,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein,hip bone mineral density etc.Logistic multivariate analysis showed that age,education level,marital status,memory decline,drinking,egg eating,hormone taking,community activities,hypertension,coronary heart disease,total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein and hip bone mineral density were independently associated with the cognitive function in the elderly patients with osteoporosis(P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with osteoporosis should pay attention to the screening of cognitive function,preventive education activities need to pay attention to the factors affecting cognitive function,promote healthy lifestyles,improve the quality of life,and reduce the incidence of senile dementia.