哈尔滨地区老年髋部骨折患者发病特点及临床特征

The incidence and clinical characteristics of elderly patients with hip fracture in Harbin

目的探讨哈尔滨50岁以上老年髋部骨折的发病特点及临床特征,为老年髋部骨折的预防提供理论依据。方法回顾性收集2008年1月至2019年12月因髋部骨折住院的1 616例患者病历资料,并统计患者基本情况。结果 12年间老年髋部骨折病例呈逐年上升的趋势,髋部骨折总体男女比为1∶1.45。患者平均年龄(70.3±11.4)岁,且女性平均年龄明显高于男性(P<0.001)。股骨颈骨折数量是转子间骨折的1.44倍。股骨颈骨折中男性平均年龄(67.0±11.4)岁,女性为(70.6±10.7)岁;转子间骨折男性平均年龄(68.7±11.9)岁,女性为(74.2±10.9)岁。男性股骨颈骨折患者平均年龄每年增加0.88岁(P=0.003),女性每年增加0.55岁(P=0.03);男性转子间骨折患者平均年龄每年减少0.91岁(P<0.001),女性每年减少0.71岁(P=0.01)。按季节统计,春季髋部骨折数量占总数的27.5%(444/1 616),夏季占24.1%(390/1 616),秋季占26.4%(426/1 616),冬季占22.0%(356/1 616)。结论髋部骨折多见于70岁以上人群。随着年龄的增长转子间骨折患者比例逐渐增多,且转子间骨折患者趋于年轻化。应加强老年人对骨质疏松的认识,预防髋部骨折的发生。

Objective To explore the the incidence and clinical characteristics of hip fractures in the elderly over 50 years old in Harbin,and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of hip fractures in the elderly.Methods The medical records of 1616 patients with hip fractures from January 2008 to December 2019 were collected retrospectively,and the basic conditions of the patients were counted.Results In the past 12 years,the number of elderly cases of hip fracture increased year by year,and the overall male-to-female ratio of hip fracture was1: 1.45.The average age of the patients was(70.27±11.41) years,and the average age of females was significantly higher than that of males(P<0.001).The number of femoral neck fractures was 1.44 times higher than that of intertrochanteric fractures.The average age of femoral neck fracture was(67.03±11.41) years in males and(70.61±10.73) years in females.The average age of intertrochanteric fracture was(68.69± 11.93) years in males and(74.16± 10.86)years in females.The average age of patients with femoral neck fracture increased by 0.88 years per year in males(P= 0.003) and0.55 years in females(P= 0.03).The average age of male patients with intertrochanteric fracture decreased by 0.91 years per year(P<0.001),and that of female patients decreased by 0.71 years per year(P= 0.01).According to seasonal statistics,the number of hip fractures accounted for 27.5% of the total in spring(444/1 616),24.1% in summer(390/1 616),26.4% in autumn(426/1 616),and 22.0% in winter(356/1 616).Conclusion Hip fractures often occur in people over t70 years old.With the increase of age,the proportion of patients with intertrochanteric fractures gradually increased,and the patients with intertrochanteric fractures tend to be younger.The understanding of osteoporosis in the elderly should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence of hip fractures.