多年冻土工程地质制图的阶梯发展

Stepwise development of the engineering geological mapping in permafrost regions

多年冻土工程地质制图是区域和历史冻土学研究的基础内容之一。多年冻土工程地质制图是根据需要和制图原则,在特定时空尺度分析多年冻土特征,以及各种自然、工程、环境要素共同影响下的多年冻土属性的量化描述。多年冻土工程地质制图所解决的科学问题从多年冻土的分布、规律和格局、冻土功能,认识不断提高。制图的内容从研究多年冻土的基本要素,特征要素,到功能要素,制图的实用性不断增强。制图方法从基本地理和工程地质方法逐步发展到系统论方法。总之,多年冻土工程地质制图表现出时间尺度上阶段性和空间坐标上的台阶性,在认识的深度和广度上均不断深化。为多年冻土区基础科学研究、工程建设、寒区资源环境等方面的工作提供基础数据和技术支持。

The engineering geological mapping of permafrost is one of the basic contents of regional and historical studies of permafrost.The engineering geological mapping of permafrost is a quantitative description of the properties of permafrost under the influence of various natural,engineering,environmental factors at the particular time and space scale.The scientific problems solved by the engineering geological mapping of permafrost have been improved constantly from the distribution of permafrost to regularity and pattern and then to permafrost function.The content of mapping has developed from the study of basic elements,feature elements and functional elements of permafrost to constantly increase practicability.The method has gradually developed from basic geography and engineering geological method to system theory method.In a word,the engineering geological mapping of permafrost shows the periodicity on the time scale and steps on the space scale.The depth and extent of knowledge have increased.It provides basic data and technical support for the basic scientific research,engineering construction,resource and environment conservation in permafrost regions.