民生保障服务领域政府数据开放共享实现路径研究——以海洋观测监测数据为例

The Path of Government Data Opening and Sharing in the Field of People's Livelihood Security Services——Case Study on Ocean Observation and Monitoring Data

政府数据是数据开放共享与合作的关键,国务院《促进大数据发展行动纲要》提出优先推动海洋等民生保障服务相关领域的政府数据集向社会开放。2018年机构改革后,原有的海洋观测监测体系变动较大,探讨做好新时代海洋观测监测数据的开放共享合作具有重要意义。本文对国内外在政府数据开放共享合作模式、海洋数据开放共享的开展案例进行研究,分析我国海洋观测监测数据获取能力和存在的主要问题,提出层级式合作与平行式合作、专兼职信息数据管理人员(CIO)、数据生产知识产权保护、鼓励公众参与等方面的建议。

Government data is the key to data opening,sharing and cooperation.The State Council's Action plan for promoting big data development proposes to give priority to promoting the opening of government data in areas related to people's livelihood security services to the general public,including the ocean data.After the institutional reform in 2018,the original ocean observation and monitoring system has changed greatly,so it is of great significance to explore the opening,sharing and cooperation of ocean observation and monitoring data in the new era.The present study focuses on the open and sharing cooperation mode of government data,especially the ocean data.The acquisition ability and existing problems of marine observation and monitoring data in China was analyzed.Suggestions on hierarchical cooperation and parallel cooperation,full-time and part-time information data managers(CIO),data production intellectual property protection,and encouraging public participation are put forward.