苏州城区水体感官质量评价及其时空变化

Evaluation of appearance quality of urban surface water and its temporal and spatial variation in Suzhou City

以苏州城区水体为研究对象,采用水体感官愉悦度评价方法对苏州城区水体水质的时空变化情况进行分析,并筛选出各季节中影响城区水体感官质量的关键因子.结果表明:研究期间苏州城区水体感官质量不断提高,感官愉悦度指数呈上升趋势,从2018年的49.7上升到2019年的57.6,且2019年感官愉悦度指数为60~80的数据占比显著高于2018年;苏州城区水体感官愉悦度指数季节性变化结果表明,冬、春季的感官愉悦度指数高于夏、秋季;苏州城区水体感官愉悦度指数空间分布规律为:古城北优于古城南,古城内优于古城外;各水质参数中,浊度对城区水体感官质量影响较大,平均占比达到40%.评价结果表明,苏州城区水体感官质量显著改善,但仍有进一步提升的空间,尤其是需要降低水中的悬浮物,提升水体的透明度.

In this study, the temporal and spatial changes of appearance quality of surface water in Suzhou urban area were analyzed by the evaluation method based on water comfort index. The key factors affecting the appearance quality of urban water body in each season were also identified. The results showed that the appearance quality of water body in Suzhou city increased continuously during the research period, and the average water comfort index increased from 49.7 in 2018 to 57.5 in 2019. The seasonal variation of water comfort index in Suzhou city showed that the indexes in winter and spring were higher than those in summer and autumn. The spatial distribution of water comfort index in Suzhou city is that the north of downtown is superior to the south of downtown, and the turbidity has great influence on the appearance quality of urban surface water, with an average contribution of 40%. The evaluation results show that the appearance quality of Suzhou urban surface water is improved significantly, but there is still space for further improvement, especially the need to reduce the suspended solids in the water and improve the transparency of the water.