呼吸康复训练操在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者护理中的应用

Application of respiratory rehabilitation exercises in nursing of elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨呼吸康复训练操在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者护理中的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月~2020年1月辽宁省辽阳市中心医院收治的100例老年COPD稳定期患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各50例。两组均进行常规治疗(吸氧支持、药物祛痰、抗感染及平喘治疗),对照组在常规治疗的基础上采用常规护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上进行呼吸康复训练操护理,两组干预2个月,比较干预前及干预2个月后两组的用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、呼气峰值流速(PEF)及运动耐力(6 min步行距离)。结果干预2个月后,两组的FEV1、PEF、FVC指标高于干预前,且观察组的FEV1、PEF、FVC指标高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预2个月后,两组的6 min步行距离长于干预前,且观察组的6 min步行距离长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼吸康复训练操在老年COPD稳定期患者护理能有效提高患者的肺功能,利于患者运动耐力改善。

Objective To explore the application effect of respiratory rehabilitation exercises in nursing of elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with stable COPD admitted to Liaoyang Central Hospital,Liaoning Province from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected as research subjects.The patients were divided into the observation group and the control group by random number table method,50 cases in each group.Conventional treatments including(oxygen support,and drugs for expectoration,anti-infection and asthma-relieving)were used in both groups.In the control group,patients received conventional nursing intervention on the basis of conventional treatment,and in the observation group,participants received respiratory rehabilitation training nursing based on the control group.Intervention lasted two months in both groups.The forced vital capacity(FVC),the first 1 second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),peak expiratory flow rate(PEF)and exercise tolerance(6 min walking distance)were compared between the two groups before and after 2-month intervention.Results After 2 months of intervention,the values of FEV1,PEF,and FVC of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,and the values of FEV1,PEF and FVC of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,with statistical differences(P<0.05).After 2 months of intervention,the results of 6 min walking distance test in the two groups were longer than those before the intervention,and the 6 min walking distance test result of the observation group was longer than that of the control group,with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Respiratory rehabilitation exercises can effectively improve the lung function of the elderly patients with stable COPD,and is beneficial to improve the exercise tolerance of the patients.