铁观音茶园土壤酸化与交换性镁的现状

Status of soil acidification and exchangeable magnesium in Tieguanyin tea garden

明确了酸化茶园中的土壤交换性镁状况,为茶园科学施肥提供支持。在安溪县主要产茶乡镇共采集了297个表层土壤样品,通过测定土壤pH及土壤交换性镁含量,应用描述性统计分析进行了分布特征研究,应用相关分析进行了土壤pH与交换性镁相关性研究。安溪茶区的土壤pH值变幅在3.1~6.7之间,超过68%的茶园土壤pH低于4.5,土壤酸化极其严重;土壤交换性镁含量在1.0~79.0 mg·kg~(-1)之间,平均为23.7 mg·kg~(-1),82%的茶园土壤低于40.0 mg·kg~(-1),土壤交换性镁普遍缺乏。土壤pH值是影响土壤镁有效性和空间分布的重要因素,茶园土壤大面积酸化以及土壤交换性镁缺乏是目前茶园生产普遍面临的问题,建议在茶园生产上控制氮肥的投入,同时重视镁肥的补充以确保茶叶优质高效生产。

The nutritional status of magnesium in acidified tea gardens was studied to guide the fertilizer application of tea gardens.A total of 297 surface soil samples were collected from the main tea-producing towns in Anxi County.Descriptive statistics were applied by measuring soil pH and soil exchangeable magnesium concentration.In addition,the distribution characteristics were studied and the correlation between soil pH and exchangeable magnesium concentration was studied by correlation analysis.The soil pH of tea area varied from 3.1 to 6.7 and there was more than 68%tea gardens soil pH were lower than 4.5,and the status of soil acidification was serious.The exchangeable magnesium concentration was varied between 1.0~79.0 mg·kg-1,the average value was 23.7 mg·kg-1,and 82%of the tea garden soil exchange magnesium was less than 40.0 mg·kg-1,which suggested insufficient soil exchange magnesium nutrition.Soil pH and soil exchangeable magnesium showed a very significant positive correlation,which is consistent with spatial distribution of tea production in Anxi.The acidification of tea garden soil and the lack of magnesium nutrition are common in tea garden production.It is suggested to reduce input N fertilizer and complement magnesium in tea garden to ensure high quality and efficient production of tea.