北朝基层社会中的造像活动--以盂县地区为例

Yuxian County and Fervor for Making Buddha Statues at Grassroots Level in Northern Dynasties

盂县地区北朝佛教造像记中保留着不少地方佛教史料,学界对此关注较少。盂县交通便利,受到晋阳、平城等地的官方佛教影响,造像活动呈现出繁荣的景象。造像记中记载的供养者有平民、僧尼、官员和女性等,在心态、造像活动等方面表现出自身信仰特质;义邑团体造像数目超过个人,成员以造像为中心布置道场、举行法会等宗教仪式,也发挥了义邑的社会整合功能。

Inscriptions on Buddha statues dating back to Northern Dynasties discovered in Yuxian County contain a great deal of historical records of localized Buddhism.However,The academia has not paid much attention to them.A well-developed transportation network and the spread of official Buddhism in Jinyang and Pingcheng both contributed to a great upsurge in making Buddha statues in ancient Yuxian County.As written in the inscriptions,donors included the masses,monks and nuns,officials and females,who were converted and believed in Buddhism.Yiyi,groups of Buddhists who assembled to support statues making and construction of temples and pagodas,outnumbered individual donors.Members of Yiyi centering on Buddhist statues,and holding religious ceremonies,such as Buddhist services and assemblies for preaching,all facilitated social integration.