独立行政法人制度下的日本博物馆考察——基于创意城市的视角

Investigation of Japanese Museums under the System of Independent A dministrative Corporate-Based on the Perspective of Creative Cities

日本在泡沫经济崩坏之后,对公共文化设施的财政投入不足,2000年后财政赤字越来越大。受西方新公共管理思潮的影响,日本尝试施行旨在节约政府财政投入,提升品质,提高服务质量的独立行政法人制度。在对实施新制度后的东京国立博物馆实地考察后发现其科学、合理、便捷的馆内外设计,以及细致、周到、规范、科学的人性化服务,使每年入馆人数及事业费收益额增加。这不仅节约了财政支出,也促进了地域经济的创新发展。在某种意义上可以推断博物馆等公共文化设施在宏观层面正在形成“创意城市”的基盘,即创意文化环境下的创意文化产业正在为经济发展注入新活力。

The financial investment in public cultural facilities was insufficient after the collapse of Japan’s bubble economy, and the fiscal deficit has been bigger and bigger after 2000. Influenced by the western new public management trend of thoughts, Japan tried to implement an independent administrative corporate system aimed at saving government financial investment, improving quality and service. After the implementation of the new system, the number of people entering the Tokyo National Museum and the amount of revenue from business fees every year have increased due to its scientific, reasonable and convenient design of the inside and outside of the museum, as well as meticulous, thoughtful, standardized and scientific human-oriented services. This not only saves fiscal expenditure but also promotes the development of regional economy. In addition, the output of a "Nobel Prize" every year after 2000 can be seen that public cultural facilities such as museums are forming "creative city" at the macro level, and the creative cultural industry is injecting new vitality into economic development.