BAG-ZD改性铝基复合燃料固体推进剂的力学性能研究

Study on mechanical properties of solid propellant containing Bag⁃ZD modified fluorine⁃aluminum matrix composite fuel

固体推进剂中的铝粉会在其燃烧表面发生团聚凝结,从而导致推进剂燃烧不充分、能量释放效率不理想,并且团聚形成的大颗粒铝凝团还会对固体火箭发动机的绝热层和喷管造成严重的冲刷烧蚀,进而引起导弹武器的空中爆炸、解体等严重后果。为解决铝粉在固体推进剂中应用存在的燃烧效率低、能量释放效率不理想等问题,常采用含氟化合物对铝粉进行表面包覆改性处理。但由于氟化物包覆层与推进剂粘合剂基体的相容性较差,这导致使用含氟铝基复合燃料的固体推进剂的力学性能不佳。制备了含有硅氧烷基和羟基的新型硅烷类键合剂BAG-ZD,并采用原位聚合工艺对Al/氟化物复合燃料进行了表面改性。力学性能应用结果表明:直接将键合剂BAG-ZD添加进固体推进剂后推进剂的伸长率大幅下降,而预先使用键合剂BAG-ZD对Al/氟化物复合燃料表面改性后,固体推进剂的力学性能大幅度提高。

Aluminum powder of solid propellant will reunion of condensation in the burning surface,leading to propellant com⁃bustion is insufficient and energy releasing efficiency is not ideal.In addition,to form larger particles aluminum coagulation group of solid rocket motor will cause serious scour thermal barrier and nozzle ablation,resulting in missile weapon of the air blast,collapse and other serious consequences.In order to solve the problems of low combustion efficiency and low energy release efficiency in the application of aluminum powder in solid propellant,fluorine⁃containing compounds were applied to modify the surface coating of alu⁃minum powder.However,due to the poor compatibility between the fluoride cladding layer and the matrix of propellant binder,the mechanical properties of solid propellant using fluorine⁃aluminum matrix composite fuel were poor.In this paper,a new silane bond⁃ing agent BAG⁃ZD,containing siloxane group and hydroxyl group was prepared and the surface of Al/fluoride composite fuel was modified by in⁃situ polymerization.The application results of mechanical properties show that the elongation of the propellant decrea⁃ses greatly when the bonding agent BAG⁃ZD is directly added to the solid propellant,while the mechanical properties of the solid propellant are greatly improved after the surface modification of Al/fluoride composite fuel with bonding agent BAG⁃ZD in advance.