“大脑中的幽灵生命”—论《K氏零度》的超人类主体及其限度

“A Phantom Life within the Braincase”:On the Transhumanist Subject and Its Limits in Zero K

唐·德里罗的《K氏零度》将超人类的永生幻想和鲜活的生活世界交织在一起,而其中的纽结则是后人类状况下人的主体性问题。人体冷冻技术不仅证实了笛卡尔的"身心二元论"而且实现了意识与身体的分离,制造出一个永恒的纯粹意识主体。主人公试图通过坚定的内在持守摆脱这一不死性的诱惑,却在同样"离身"的境遇里愈加孤独。母亲的亡灵催促着他置身于生活世界,在充满哀伤和欢欣的情感和记忆中寻回自我。这是一个既维护自主性同时又自我削弱的主体,德里罗在此表达了自己不同于传统人文主义的人文主义立场。

Don DeLillo’s Zero K interweaves the transhumanist fantasy of immortality with the living world,via the subjectivity of human beings in the posthuman condition.Cryonics technology not only confirms Descartes’s mind-body dualism but also realizes the separation of consciousness and body,creating an eternal subject of pure consciousness.The protagonist tries to rid himself of the temptation of immortality through a firm inner self,but is only lonelier in his disembodied situation.His mother’s ghost urges him to live in the world,to find himself in emotions,in memories of sorrow and joy.This is a subject that maintains autonomy and simultaneously weakens itself.Here DeLillo expresses a humanist position which differs from traditional humanism.