2000~2020年丹江口库区人类活动干扰强度时空特征

Spatial and temporal characteristics of human activity interference intensity in Danjiangkou Reservoir area from 2000 to 2020

丹江口水库是我国南水北调中线工程的水源地,揭示库区人类活动干扰的时空特征对于该区域生态环境的恢复与改善具有重要的科学意义。基于"自然-经济-社会"模型构建了丹江口库区人类活动干扰评价指标体系,利用模糊层次分析法和TOPSIS综合评价模型对人类活动干扰强度进行了量化,分析了库区人类活动干扰强度的时空分异和空间集聚特征。结果表明:2000~2020年间丹江口库区的人类活动干扰强度逐渐降低。然而,库区人类活动干扰强度的空间差异性明显,整体呈现出东北部伏牛山区、西部秦岭山区和西南部武当山区低,水库沿线及周边低海拔丘陵、冲积平原区高的分布特征。同时,人类活动干扰强度具有显著的空间集聚性,并呈现高值集聚区(热点区)由水库沿线及周围地区大幅缩减,城镇地区小范围扩展的集聚特征。这表明了近年来库区移民、封山育林等政策对库区的生态环境恢复起到了重要的促进作用。研究结果可为进一步改善库区的生态环境质量、促进可持续发展提供理论依据。

Danjiangkou Reservoir is the water source of the Central Line Project of South-to-North Water Diversion in China.It is of great scientific significance to reveal the spatial and temporal characteristics of human activity interference in the reservoir area for the restoration and improvement of the ecological environment in the area.Based on the "Nature-Economy-Society" model, we developed a human activity interference evaluation system in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area.The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the TOPSIS comprehensive index method was used to quantify the intensity of human activity interference.Based on this, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution and spatial agglomeration of human activity interference in the Danjiangkou reservoir area.The results showed that the intensity of human activity interference in the study area gradually decreased from 2000 to 2020.However, there were obvious regional differences in the intensity of human activity interference in the reservoir area, in general the intensity was low in the Funiu Mountain area in the northeast, Qinling Mountain area in the west and Wudang Mountain area in the southwestern, and the intensity was high in the low-altitude hills and alluvial plains along the reservoir and surrounding areas.At the same time, the intensity of human activity interference had significant spatial agglomeration.It presented that the intensity of high-value agglomeration areas(hot spots)were greatly reduced along the reservoir and surrounding areas, and the intensity in urban areas expanded in a small scale.It showed that the immigration and forest restoration policies had played an important role in promoting the restoration of the ecological environment in the reservoir area in recent years.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for further improving the ecological environment quality of the reservoir area and promoting sustainable development.