轨道车辆铝合金搅拌摩擦焊质量保证及控制标准分析

Analysis of welding quality assurance and control standards of aluminum FWS for railway vehicles

现行轨道车辆领域主要焊接标准为EN 15085:2007,该标准发布时搅拌摩擦焊工艺方法尚未在轨道车辆焊接国际认证企业中大量应用。EN 15085:2007仅提及允许铝合金材料使用该方法,再无其它信息。在标准缺位的情况下,仅应用EN 15085不能完全实现轨道车辆铝合金搅拌摩擦焊的焊接质量保证及控制,其需要综合应用“EN 15085系列标准”、“ISO 3834系列标准”、“欧洲轨道车辆焊接委员会指南-第二部分”、“ISO 25239系列标准”及“项目技术规范的补充说明”等。以轨道车辆某项目铝合金搅拌摩擦焊为例,解析其焊接质量保证及控制标准应用,并结合工程实例技术规范及常见问题补充说明若干内容。

The current main welding standard in the field of railway vehicle is EN15085:2007.When this standard was released,FSW welding process was not widely used in the international welding certification enterprises.It only mentioned that this process was allowed to use for aluminum alloy materials and no more information was given in EN 15085:2007.In the condition of insufficient standards,the welding quality assurance and control of railway vehicle’aluminum FSW could not be completely achieved only by EN 15085,which required a comprehensive application of EN 15085 series standards,ISO 3834 series standards,ECWRV guideline—part 2,ISO 25239 series standards and supplementary requirements of project’s technical specification.Taking aluminum alloy friction stir welding of a railway vehicle project as an example,the application of welding quality assurance and control standards was analyzed,and some contents were supplemented with technical specifications and common problems of engineering examples.