高血压治疗中常见的误区

Common mistakes in the treatment of hypertension

目的探寻在临床工作中高血压治疗的常见误区,指导患者正确防治使血压达标,预防并发症的发生。方法605例在门诊诊治的高血压患者为研究对象,详细询问病史、监测血压、追踪观察1~4年。首诊患者及血压有波动者测量血压1次/d,根据血压情况及个人耐受情况调整药物,待血压平稳,测量血压1次/周。记录每例患者的血压及诊疗过程,调查患者在预防治疗中的不规范之处。结果605例患者中,297例(49.09%)规范治疗,308例(50.91%)不规范治疗。其中,不知晓血压情况97例,凭“感觉”用药129例,用降压药品不合理133例,给药时间不合理198例,忽视预防139例。结论高血压在治疗中存在着很多不合理的治疗误区,临床工作中要指导患者做好药物的规范维持治疗以及生活方式的长期干预,减少高血压的并发症。

Objective To explore the common mistakes in the treatment of hypertension in clinical work and guide the patients to prevent hypertension to get their blood pressure under control and prevent the occurrence of complications. Methods 605 patients with hypertension in outpatient clinic were selected as the research subjects. Detailed medical history, blood pressure monitoring, and follow-up observation for 1-4 years were conducted. Blood pressure should be measured once a day in patients with first diagnosis and patients with fluctuating blood pressure. Drugs should be adjusted according to blood pressure and individual tolerance. Blood pressure should be measured once a week when the blood pressure was stable. The blood pressure and the diagnosis and treatment process were recorded, and the patient’s irregularities during the preventive treatment was investigated. Results Of the 605 patients, 297(49.09%) received standard treatment and 308(50.91%) received non-standard treatment. Among them, 97 cases did not know the blood pressure, 129 cases used drugs according to "feeling", 133 cases used antihypertensive drugs unreasonably, 198 cases used drugs unreasonably, 139 cases ignored prevention. Conclusion There are many unreasonable treatment errors in the treatment of hypertension. In clinical work, it is necessary to guide patients to do a good job in the standard maintenance treatment of drugs and long-term intervention of lifestyle to reduce the complications of hypertension.