黄体的形成与黄体功能不全的发生机制

Formation of corpus luteum and the mechanism of luteal phase defect

黄体是卵巢排卵后形成的具有暂时性内分泌功能的腺体,主要功能是分泌雌、孕激素。正常的月经周期以及早期妊娠的维持都依赖于黄体的正常分泌功能。如果排卵后不能形成功能正常的黄体,导致无法分泌足够的孕激素,称为黄体功能不全(luteal phase defect,LPD),可能导致异常子宫出血或早期妊娠丢失。辅助生殖技术助孕患者中,特别是控制性超促排卵和取卵后,LPD的发生率高,需要外源性黄体支持。

Corpus luteum is a gland with temporary endocrine function formed after ovulation. It mainly undertakes the endocrine function of ovary and is the main source of estrogen and progesterone after ovulation. Normal luteal function is critical to maintaining ovarian cycles and early pregnancy. Luteal phase defect(LPD)refers to luteal dysplasia after ovulation and insufficient progesterone secretion,which can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding or miscarriage at early pregnancy. The incidence of LPD is high in patients with assisted reproductive technology,especially after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and oocyte retrieval. which needs luteal phase support.