山西芦芽山保护区黑枕绿啄木鸟的生态观察

Ecological Observation of Picus Canus in Luya Mountain Nature Reserve of Shanxi

2018年至2020年在山西芦芽山保护区对黑枕绿啄木鸟的生态习性进行观察。结果表明,该鸟在本地区为留鸟,种群密度在繁殖前的3月为0.34只/km,繁殖后的8月为0.55只/km,繁殖后比繁殖前的种群数量增加了62%.繁殖期4月至6月,最早4月中旬求偶,筑巢于杨树、柳树、榆树、杏树及油松树上,营巢期14 d~16 d;5月上旬产卵,日产1枚,窝卵数6枚~9枚,孵卵期13 d~14 d,孵化率89.1%,繁殖成功率92.7%,巢内育雏期24 d~25 d;食物以农林害虫等动物性食物为主,占85%,植物性食物占15%.

The ecological habits of Picus canus were observed in Luya mountain nature reserve of Shanxi from 2018 to 2020.The results showed that Picus canus in this area was a resident birds.Before breeding the average density of population reproduction was 0.34 birds/km in March,while after breeding the average density of population reproduction was 0.55 birds/km in August which increased by 62%.Their breeding period was April to June and the earliest courtship was in the middle of April.They nested on Populus,Salix,Ulmus pumila,Armeniaca vulgaris and Pinus tabulaeformis,which nesting time was 14 d~16 d.The egg-laying period was in the first ten days of May,with 1 egg per day and 6~9 eggs per nest.The hatching period was 13 days to 14 days and the hatching rate was 89.1%.The reproductive success rate was 92.7%,and the nestling period was 24 days to 25 days.The food was mainly animal food such as agricultural and forestry pests which accounting for 85%,and plant food accounted for 15%.