某家具制造企业二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯职业危害分析

Occupational hazard analysis of diphenyl methane diisocyanate of a furniture manufacturer

目的探讨某家具制造企业生产过程中作业场所二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的职业危害情况,为用人单位职业病预防控制提供依据。方法在作业人员呼吸带高度进行了毒物的短时间接触浓度(C_(STEL))定点检测。对于时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)检测,根据工人实际接触时间、频次和工人在具体作业时间段采集的C_(STEL)计算得出。结果该家具制造企业的涂胶工接触的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯短时间接触浓度最小值为0.17 mg/m³,最大值为0.25 mg/m³,时间加权平均浓度为0.179 mg/m³;热压成型工Ⅰ接触二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的短时间接触浓度最小值为0.20 mg/m³,最大值为0.23 mg/m³,时间加权平均浓度为0.195 mg/m³;热压成型工Ⅱ接触二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的短时间接触浓度最小值为0.16 mg/m³,最大值为0.21 mg/m³,时间加权平均浓度为0.171 mg/m³,均不符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素》中职业接触限值的要求。结论建议在涂胶、热压成型岗位增加局部排风,使作业场所二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯浓度符合国家职业接触限值要求;为涂胶、热压成型岗位配备符合要求的防毒口罩,并指导、监督劳动者正确佩戴。

Objective To explore the occupational hazard of diphenyl methane diisocyanate(MDI)in the production process of a furniture manufacturer,and provide the basis for the occupational-disease-prevention control of the employer.Methods The contact concentration(C_(STEL))of the toxic substances was detected at the level of the breathing zone of the operator.For the time-weighted average concentration(CTWA),the CTWA test was calculated based on the actual contact time,frequency and the C_(STEL) collected by the workers during the specific operation period.Results The short time exposure of MDI contacted by gluing workers,minimum value was 0.17 mg/m³,maximum value was 0.25 mg/m³,and the time-weighted average concentration was 0.179 mg/m³.The short time exposure concentration of MDI contacted by thermoformer I minimum value was 0.20 mg/m³,maximum value was 0.23 mg/m³ and the time-weighted average concentration was 0.195 mg/m³.The short time exposure concentration of MDI contacted by the hot-press molding workers(minimum value was 0.16 mg/m³,maximum value was 0.21 mg/m³)and the time-weighted average concentration was 0.171 mg/m³.The furniture manufacturing enterprises with gluing,hot pressing molding work contact of MDI short time exposure concentration and time weighted average concentration-did not conform with The workplace harmful factors of occupational exposure limit Part 1:chemical harmful factor in the requirements of the occupational exposure limit.Conclusion It is recommended to increase the local ventilation in the position of glue and hot pressure forming,so that the concentration of MDI in the work area meets the national occupational contact limit requirement.It is equipped with the required anti-gas mask for the application of glue and hot pressing molding,and instructs and supervises the correct wearing of the workers.