马克思自然概念的形成过程、双重内涵及其辩证关系

The Dual Connotation and the Dialectic Relation of Marx’s Concept of Nature

作为马克思自然概念的双重内涵,自在自然和人化自然都是与人相关的,这是在批判黑格尔和费尔巴哈自然概念的基础上得出的结论,也是马克思自身思想发展的逻辑结果,是马克思的自在自然区别于抽象自然概念的重要方面。人化自然作为马克思自然概念的核心,既确证了人的本质力量,也透显着对人的约束和限制,这是马克思自然概念区别于其他自然概念的关键之处。自在自然与人化自然是辩证统一的,前者是后者的前提和基础,后者是前者的目的和归宿,二者共同构成马克思自然概念的完整内涵,并积极促成了马克思哲学变革的实现。

As the dual connotation of Marx’s concept of nature,both nature itself and humanized nature are related to human beings.It is not only the conclusion from the criticism of Hegel and Feuerbachian concept of nature but also the result of Marx’s own intellectual development.What’s more,the fact that nature itself is related to human being is an important difference which distinguish Marx’s concept of nature from the abstract ones.In the meantime,humanized nature is the core of Marx’s concept of nature.It not only confirms human’s essential power but also shows the constrains of nature on human beings.It is also the key distinct Marx’s concept of nature from others’.There is a dialectical relation of opposites between nature itself and humanized nature,which have different status and functions,but intrinsic consistence aims.They both consist of the whole meaning of Marx’s concept of nature.Indeed,they are not equal in status in Marx’s concept of nature.The former is the premise of the latter while the latter is the aims of the former.When it comes to the relationship between them and history,nature itself is the premise of history while humanized nature is the start pointing of history.Both of them are to facilitate the factors with Marx’s philosophical revolution.