甘肃省中小学生1985年与2014年身体形态比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Body Shape of Primary and Middle School Students in Gansu Province in 1985 and 2014

对1985和2014年甘肃省7~18岁汉族学生的身高、体重、胸围3项指标进行对比.结果显示:29年来,身高、体重、胸围3个指标均有较大幅度增长,城市学生大于乡村学生,男生大于女生。城男、乡男、城女、乡女的身高平均值增长分别为7.27、6.37、6.20、5.61cm,增长有显著性(均P<0.01);体重平均值增长分别为10.51、7.94、7.71、4.40kg,增长有显著性(均P<0.01);胸围平均值增长分别为3.61、1.66、3.65、1.12cm;维尔维克指数,除乡女外,城男、乡男、城女增长值均有显著性(均P<0.05).得到结论:29年来,身高、体重和胸围均增长较大,快速生长的年龄有所提前,城乡差距拉大;身材从偏细瘦型转向偏粗壮型,且城市学生多于农村学生,男生多于女生,低龄化.

The three indexes of height, weight and chest circumference of Han ethnic group students aged 7~18 in Gansu Province in1985 and 2014 were compared. The results show that the three indicators of height, weight and chest circumference have increased significantly in the past 29 years, urban students are larger than rural students, and boys are larger than girls. The average increase in height of urban males, rural males, urban females and rural females were 7.27 cm, 6.37 cm, 6.20 cm and 5.61 cm respectively,(P<0.01);the average increase in weight were 10.51 kg, 7.94 kg, 7.71 kg and 4.40 kg(P<0.01);the average increase of bust circumference were3.61 cm, 1.66 cm, 3.65 cm and 1.12 cm respectively;except for rural females, the increase of the Wilvik index of urban males, rural males and urban females is significant(P<0.05). Conclusion: In the past 29 years, the height, weight and bust circumference of students have increased significantly, the age of rapid growth has been advanced, and the gap between urban and rural areas has widened;the figure of the students changed from thin to strong, and the urban students were more than the rural students, the male students were more than the female students, which showed a trend of younger age.