绿色技术创新政策激励效应的量化评估研究

Quantitative Evaluation on the Incentive Effect of Green Technology Innovation Policy

政策激励是新古典经济理论矫正绿色技术创新双重市场失灵的核心工具。研究对我国1994—2017年绿色创新政策的具体内容进行量化评价,引入负二项回归模型探究绿色技术创新具体的政策特性对我国绿色专利诱发的结果显示:政策力度、财税措施、污染防治与技术创新目标对绿色技术创新具有显著的激励作用;技术扩散目标与滞后一期的政策监管对绿色专利呈现出较显著的抑制作用;绿色研发要素投入、国内市场的绿色需求、技术知识供给显著促进了绿色技术创新。同时在政策层面提出,推动需求牵引供给、供给创造需求的更高水平的绿色技术创新动态平衡,形成以国内企业与社会需求为主的绿色技术创新新格局的建议。

Policy incentive is the core tool of neoclassical economic theory to correct the dual market failure of green technology innovation.This paper conducts a quantitative evaluation of the specific content of China’s green innovation policies from 1994 to 2017,and introduces a negative binomial regression model to explore the induction effect of the policy characteristics of green technology innovation of the country on its green patent.Results show that fiscal and taxation policy measures,pollution control and technology innovation goals of green technology innovation have significant incentive effect;that the technology diffusion target and policy supervision lagging one year have a significant inhibiting effect on green patents.And the input of green R&D factors,the green demand of domestic market and the supply of technical knowledge significantly promote the innovation of green technology.Finally,it puts forward suggestions at the policy level to promote a higher level of green technology innovation dynamic balance in which demand leads supply and supply creates demand,so as to form a new pattern of green technology innovation dominated by domestic enterprises and social demands.