不同环境规制影响技术创新的门槛效应研究——基于PSTR模型的分析

Threshold Effect of Different Environmental Regulations on Technological Innovation:An Analysis Based on PSTR Model

基于2001—2017年中国30个省份的面板数据,利用面板平滑转换回归(PSTR)模型验证了不同环境规制工具与技术创新之间的非线性关系。结果表明:命令-控制型环境规制与技术创新之间为先抑制、后促进的“U”型关系,环境污染治理投资门槛值约14618万元;市场激励型环境规制与技术创新之间的关系为先促进、后抑制的“倒U”型,部分省份的广义绿色税收占比大于26.8%的阈值;公众参与型环境规制对技术创新的影响呈现“N”型,大部分省份公众参与程度有待提高。因此,政府应根据不同环境规制工具的特点,结合各省份的现实条件,确定适当的环境规制水平。

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2001 to 2017,this paper verified the nonlinear relationship between different environmental regulation tools and technological innovation by the Panel Smooth Transition Regression(PSTR)model.The results show that there is a U-shaped change trend between command-and-control environmental regulation and technological innovation.The threshold value for pollution treatment costs is about 146.18 million yuan.The impact of market-based-incentive environmental regulation on technological innovation is inverted U-shape,which promotes first and then inhibits.The percentage of generalized environmental taxes in some provinces is greater than the threshold of 26.8%.The impact of voluntary environmental regulation is N-shaped,and it eventually appears as a facilitative effect,but not significant.The degree of public participation in most provinces is less than expected.Therefore,the government should determine the appropriate strength of environmental regulation based on the characteristics of different environmental regulation tools and the actual conditions of each province.