基于Illumina MiSeq高通量技术比较甘肃藏区传统牦牛发酵乳制品细菌菌群多样性

Comparison of Bacterial Diversity in Traditional Yak Fermented Dairy Products in Tibetan Areas of Gansu Based on Illumina MiSeq High-throughput Technology

酸牦牛乳、藏灵菇酸奶、曲拉是甘肃藏区藏民们制作的传统乳制品,其中细菌群落对发酵乳品质起到重要作用。本文以甘肃藏区不同藏民家庭制作的传统牦牛发酵乳制品为研究对象,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序平台,研究3大类9种传统乳制品中细菌的多样性及群落结构,结合不同样本的菌群群落分布做相关性分析,最终获得511 070条高质量16S rRNA基因序列,共鉴定出5种细菌门、11种细菌属;其中,厚壁菌门及变形菌门为优势菌门,乳杆菌属和链球菌属为各类样品中的高丰度属,其次是球菌属和乳球菌属,不同类型的传统牦牛发酵乳制品具有不同的细菌群落。PICRUSt功能预测表明,基本功能预测占主导水平。本研究结果为进一步研究和保护甘肃藏区传统牦牛发酵乳制品中具有优良特性的细菌,提供理论依据。

Sour yak milk,Tibetan mushroom Yogurt and Qula are traditional dairy products made by Tibetans in Gansu Tibetan areas,the bacterial communities contained in them play an important role in their quality.This paper took traditional yak fermented dairy products produced by different Tibetan families in Tibetan areas of Gansu as the research objects.The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to study the diversity and community structure of bacteria in three major categories of nine traditional dairy products,correlation analysis of bacterial community distribution combined with different samples.Finally,511070 high-quality 16S rRNA gene sequences were obtained,a total of 5 bacterial gates were identified,11 different bacterial genus.Among them:Firmicutes and Proteobacteria are dominant bacteria gates,Lactobacillus and Streptococcus are high abundance genus in various samples,followed by Macrococcus and Lactococcus.Different types of traditional yak fermented dairy products had different bacterial communities.The function of PICRUSt indicate that basically functional prediction dominates.The results of this thesis could provide the necessary theoretical basis for the study and protection of excellent bacteria in traditional yak fermented milk in Tibetan areas of Gansu.