下一代益生菌对肥胖人群肠道微生物调控作用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Regulation of Next Generation Probiotics on Intestinal Microflora in Obese Population

肥胖引起的代谢紊乱可导致高血压、高血脂、糖尿病等一系列代谢性疾病,还会增加患脑梗死、脑出血等神经性疾病的风险,严重者可导致死亡。随着高通量测序等微生物宏基因组学、转录组学等新技术在肥胖人群肠道微生物研究中的广泛应用,肠道微生物与肥胖症之间的关系及调节机制也逐渐被认知。研究表明,通过调节肥胖人群的肠道微生物,可以改善脂肪存储过程和肠道黏膜的通透性,进而缓解机体的肥胖症状。近几年研究发现,对肥胖症具有调节作用的肠道微生物,除了传统概念的乳酸菌、双歧杆菌外,拟杆菌、阿克曼菌等下一代益生菌可能也发挥着重要作用。本文概述近几年国内外学者有关肥胖、肠道菌群、下一代益生菌及其对肥胖的调控机制等方面取得的最新进展和未来发展趋势,为加快下一代益生菌干预和改善肥胖症的发生和发展的研究和应用,提高人体健康水平,提供参考。

Metabolic disorders caused by obesity can lead to a series of metabolic diseases,such as hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes and so on.They also increase the risk of neurological diseases,such as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage.Serious cases can lead to death.With the wide application of microbial macrogenomics,transcriptome and other new technologies such as high-throughput sequencing in the study of intestinal microorganisms in obese people,the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and obesity and its regulatory mechanism have gradually been recognized.Studies have shown that regulating intestinal microorganisms in obese people can improve fat storage and intestinal mucosal permeability,thereby alleviating the body's obesity symptoms.In recent years,it has been found that intestinal microorganisms with regulating effect on obesity may play an important role in the next generation of probiotics such as Bacillus mimetica and Ackermania besides Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium,which are traditional concepts.This paper reviews the recent studies on obesity,intestinal microflora,next generation probiotics and their effects on fertilizer by scholars at home and abroad.The latest research progress and development trend in the regulation mechanism of obesity are expected to provide reference for further accelerating the research and application of next generation probiotics to intervene and improve the occurrence and development of obesity and improve human health.