原型范畴视域下的联绵词概念再反思

Rethinking the Concept of LianMian Words from the Perspective of Prototype Category

目前学界对联绵词的界定是“双音节单纯词”,根据经典范畴理论二分法原则,由义同义近语素构成的联绵词被排除在外,有些外来词却符合双音单纯词的标准。联绵词成员的取舍成为联绵词研究的困扰,有些学者质疑对联绵词是“双音节单纯词”的界定。文章通过梳理传统语言学和近现代学者对联绵词的描述,发现联绵词除了具有单纯性特征外,还具有语音、语义和记录其文字形体上的联绵性,并从认知语言学原型范畴理论的家族相似性、典型成员及范畴成员地位的不平等、边界模糊性和范畴成员的交叉性以及典型成员的变化,对联绵词概念和成员的归属问题进行解释。

At present,the definition of LianMian words is“two-syllable simple words”.According to the dichotomy principle of the classical category theory,LianMian words composed of synonymous and similar morphemes are excluded,and some foreign words meet the standard of two-syllable simple words.The choice of members has become a problem in the study of LianMian words.Some scholars question the definition of two-syllable simple words.By combing through the descriptions of LianMian words by traditional linguistics and modern scholars,we finds that,in addition to the simplex,there are also initial overlap,final overlap or syllabic overlap,and Chinese character of LianMian words with the same radicals.Some LianMian words are composed of two morphemes,and the two morphemes have similar semantic meanings.From the family similarity of the prototype category theory of cognitive linguistics,the inequality of the status of typical members and category members,the ambiguity of boundaries,the intersection of category members,and the changes of typical members,we explained the concept of LianMian words and the attribution of the members.