社会转型中艺术集聚的历史演进与基本特征

Historical Evolutions and Basic Characteristics of Art Agglomeration in Social Transformation

艺术集聚作为艺术生产的规模性丛集,与社会转型具有一定的历史同构性。以宋代年画生产、明清画派以及改革开放后的艺术区为代表,中国艺术集聚在传统农业社会、农业社会向工业社会转型、工业社会向后工业社会转型的不同历史时期,基于观念形态、生产驱动、物理空间三重维度表现出与社会转型相适应的演进特征。具体而言,总体呈现出“文化传统——物质效用——自我实现”的观念形态变迁,“家庭生产——市场驱动——多重权力建构”的生产驱动转型,以及“在地性集聚——流动性地域集聚——文化空间再造的聚焦型集聚”的物理空间演进趋向,反映出艺术集聚作为艺术及其行为的文化空间表征与社会系统之间的互构作用。

As a large-scale cluster of art production,art agglomeration has an isomorphic relation with social transformation historically.Represented by the production of New Year Paintings in Song Dynasty,the painting schools in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the art districts set up after the Reform and Opening-up respectively,Chinese art agglomerations have displayed evolutionary characteristics from the traditional agricultural society to industrial society,and then to post-industrial society in three dimensions of ideology,production drive and physical space that meet the needs of social transformations.Specifically speaking,it shows the changes of ideology from“cultural tradition to material utility and then to self-fulfillment”,the transformation in production drive from“family production to market drive and then to multiple-power construction”,and the evolution trend of physical space from“local agglomeration to mobile regional agglomeration and then to the converging agglomeration with the reconstruction of cultural space”As the cultural representation of art and its display in space,art agglomerations have been mutually constructed with social systems.