动作的隐喻:游牧文化的身体记忆——以纳西族葬仪舞蹈“热美磋”为例

Metaphors of Action: Nomadic Culture Stored in Body Memories with a Case Study of Funeral Dance “Re-mei-cuo” of Naxi Ethnic Group

身体记忆是历史积淀的身体意识,它连接着部族的生活方式及精神意念,意味着集体性的心理共构和身体图式。"藏彝走廊"纳西族丧葬仪式舞蹈"热美磋"的动作形态、身体语言,保留了游牧社会日常动作而促成的人体运动动力定型。随着社会的演进,游牧狩猎时的身体元语汇,在仪式场景里经过不断地重复操演,成为舞蹈身体语言。以"■"为形态的身体图式,在仪式场域中被反复呈现,声音、身体和舞动的场景共构了祖先生活的图景,隐喻着亡灵生命的再生。人们在献祭的过程中运用舞蹈身体语汇,表达了历时性的身体记忆,并以动作的隐喻构建着社会元叙事的动力系统。

Body memories are the body consciousness accumulated in history, which links the lifestyle and spiritual thoughts of the tribe implying the collective psychological co-construction and body schema. The action form and body language of the funeral dance "Re-mei-cuo" of Naxi people along "Tibetan-Yi Ethnic Corridor" retain dynamic stereotypes of human motion caused by the daily movements in a nomadic society. With the social evolution, the meta-body vocabulary of nomadic hunting has become the body language of dance after constant performance on the ritual sites. The body schema in the form of "■ "is repeatedly presented in the ritual field with sound, body and dancing that construct the life scene of ancestors’ lives, which indicates the rebirth of the deceased. In the process of sacrifice, people use dancing body language to express diachronic body memory, and construct the dynamic system of meta-social narrative with metaphors of action.