黔西北苗族芦笙文化研究评述——兼谈苗族支系芦笙文化对比研究的意义

A Review of the Research on Lusheng Culture of Miao Ethnic Group in Northwest Guizhou

黔西北苗族芦笙文化内涵丰富,形式上有音乐的层面要素,即芦笙是苗族社会里最为盛行的乐器,是苗族音乐文化的主要载体之一。内容上有与音乐相匹配的芦笙舞蹈和芦笙语,有丧葬芦笙和叙事芦笙两大文化体系。其中芦笙语又可以看成是民间文学的范畴。一个多世纪以来,黔西北本土音乐界专家、苗学研究人士,外界相关专业研究学者均涉及到上述芦笙文化层面的研究,并取得了可喜成就。下一阶段对黔西北苗族芦笙文化的研究,苗族支系芦笙文化之间的对比,将是更深层次解读黔西北苗族芦笙文化内涵的关键所在。

Lusheng culture of Miao Ethnic Group in Northwest Guizhou is rich in connotation and has musical elements in form. That is, Lusheng is the most popular musical instrument in Miao society and it is one of the main carriers of Miao music culture. There are Lusheng dance and Lusheng language matched with its music in content. There are two cultural systems of funeral Lusheng and narrative Lusheng. Of them, Lusheng language can be classified as folk literature. For more than a century, local music experts, Miao scholars, and other related professional scholars in Northwest Guizhou have been participating in the study of Lusheng culture and have made gratifying achievements. Lusheng culture of Miao Ethnic Group in Northwest Guizhou and the comparison of Lusheng sub-culture of Miao ethnic group will be the key to interpreting its connotations in depth in the future.