草菇废棉培养料的理化性质及木质纤维素变化分析

Analysis on Physicochemical Properties and Changes of Lignocellulose in Volvariella volvacea Culture Substrate (Cotton Waste)

为探究草菇生产中产量不稳定的内在原因,本研究通过测定废棉培养料不同时期的理化性状、木质纤维素含量及降解酶活性,对草菇(Volvariella volvacea)低产和高产批次基质的降解情况进行了对比分析。结果表明:在培养料的整个发酵阶段,两批次的含水量和碳氮比均逐渐降低,灰分含量、含氮量则逐渐升高,同时高产批次的羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)和木聚糖酶活性一直显著高于低产批次。发酵结束时,高产批次的碳氮比较低产批次高4.60,p H值和含水量无明显差异。草菇生长发育阶段,高、低产两批次碳氮比的下降幅度分别为25.71%和12.77%,且前者纤维素相对含量的下降幅度显著大于后者。原基形成时低产批次的漆酶(Laccase)活性是高产批次的2.07倍,采收时低产批次子实体的平均单重较高产批次高6.66 g。本研究对草菇栽培基质的科学优化及工厂化生产进程的推进具有重要参考意义。

The degradation of substrate in low-and high-yielding batches of Volvariella volvacea was compared and analyzed to explore the inherent causes of the unstable yield in Volvariella volvacea production, by measuring the physicochemical characteristics, lignocellulose content and lignocellulase activity of culture substrate(cotton waste) in different periods. The results showed that the water content and carbon-nitrogen ratio of the two batches gradually decreased, and the ash content and nitrogen content gradually increased during the entire fermentation process of the substrate. At the same time, the CMCase(carboxymethyl cellulase) and xylanase activity of high-yielding batch have been significantly higher than low-yielding batch. At the end of the fermentation, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the high-yield batch was 4.60 higher than the low-yield batch, and there was no significant difference in pH value and water content. In the growth and development stage of Volvariella volvacea, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the high-and low-yielding batches decreased by 25.71% and 12.77%, respectively, and the relative content of cellulose of the former decreased significantly more than the latter. The laccase activity of the low-yield batch at the primordium forming stage was 2.07 times that of the high-yielding batch. The average unit weight of the fruiting bodies of the low-yield batch at harvesting stage was 6.66 g heavier than that of the high-yielding batch. This study has important reference significance for the scientific optimization of the cultivation substrate of Volvariella volvacea and the advancement of the industrialized production process.