凉山州接受健康管理的高血压患者疾病相关知识认知水平及影响因素分析

Diseases Cognition and Its Influencing Factors Among Hypertension Patients Who Accepting Health Management in Liangshan

目的了解凉山州正在接受健康管理的高血压患者对疾病相关知识的认知情况,为改进凉山州基层医疗卫生机构慢性病患者健康教育工作、提升健康管理效果提供基础数据和合理建议。方法于2019-11采用系统抽样方法,随机抽取普格县、德昌县、喜德县、冕宁县348名在管高血压患者,进行现场面对面问卷调查,运用EpiData 3.0软件建立数据库,用SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行χ^(2)检验。结果高血压患者对高血压属于终身患病以及可能引起相关健康危害的知晓率较高,分别为93.40%和77.59%;对血压值正常范围、疾病危险因素以及防治措施的知晓率偏低,分别为37.93%、58.05%和17.24%。分析显示,年龄、文化程度、所在地区是影响血压值正常范围、疾病危险因素、防治措施知晓率的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论凉山州在管高血压患者疾病相关知识认知水平整体较低,应加强基层医疗卫生机构慢性病健康管理能力的培养,深入开展民族地区健康教育促进行动,提高患者相关疾病知识认知水平,提升高血压患者健康管理效果。

Objective To understand diseases cognition and its influencing factors among hypertension patients who accepting health management in Liangshan so as to provide basic data and reasonable suggestions for improving the health education and management effect in grassroots health institutions.Methods In November 2019,a systematic sampling method was used to select 348 hypertension patients from Puge,Dechang,Xide and Mianning County.Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect related information.Use Epidate 3.0 software to build database,SPSS 22.0 software was used for disquare test.Results The awareness rates of hypertension as a type of lifelong diseases and related health hazards were 93.40%and 77.59%respectively.The awareness rates of the normal range of blood pressure,disease risk factors and prevention measures were 37.93%,58.05%and 17.24%,respectively.Age,education level and location were important factors affecting the awareness rates of normal range of blood pressure,hypertension risk factors,hypertension prevention and treatment measures(P<0.05).Conclusion Diseases cognition of hypertension patients is relatively low in Liangshan.It is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of health management ability of chronic diseases in basic medical and health institutions,and to carry out health education promotion actions in ethnic areas,aiming at improving the diseases cognition of patients and the health management effect of hypertension.