毕节市中学生抑郁症状与遭受校园欺凌分析

Depressive Symptoms and School Bullying among Middle School Students in Bijie City

目的探讨中学生抑郁症状与遭受校园欺凌的相关性。方法采用分层随机整群抽样法,以问卷形式调查2019年毕节市中学生抑郁症状与遭受校园欺凌情况,收集调查对象基本信息、遭受校园欺凌和抑郁症状情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析抑郁症状与遭受校园欺凌的关系。结果毕节市中学生遭受校园欺凌报告率为15.7%,男生(21.2%)高于女生(11.3%);毕节市中学生抑郁症状检出率为29.1%,其中女生为31.1%,男生为26.6%。遭受校园欺凌的抑郁症状检出率为65.4%,未遭受校园欺凌的抑郁症状检出率为22.4%。Logistic回归分析显示,影响抑郁症状的自变量有性别、学段、家庭结构、睡眠时间、户外活动、两周患病情况、家庭暴力、遭受校园欺凌(P<0.05)。控制混杂影响因素后,遭受校园欺凌的中学生抑郁症状检出率是没有遭受校园欺凌的7.874倍(1/0.127)。结论毕节市遭受校园欺凌的中学生抑郁症状检出率较高,应格外关注该类学生心理卫生状况。

Objective To investigate the association between depressive symptoms and school bullying among middle school students in Bijie City.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select middle school students in Bijie City in 2019.Basic information,school bullying and depressive symptoms were collected by self-reports.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms and school bullying.Results 15.7%students were suffered from school bullying.The prevalence rate of school bullying was higher in boy(21.2%)than that in girls(11.3%).The overall detection rate of depressive symptoms was29.1%.The detection rates of depressive symptoms in male and female students were 31.1%and26.6%,respectively.The detection rate of depressive symptoms in bullying victims(65.4%)was higher than that in non-involved students(22.4%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of depressive symptoms were gender,grade,family structure,sleeping time,outdoor activities,illness in the past two weeks,domestic violence,school bullying(P<0.05).After controlling the other independent variables,school bullying was associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms(OR=7.874).Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms was higher in school bullying victims,and special attention should be paid to the mental health status of such students.