强制戒毒人员生命质量现况及影响因素分析

The Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Life Quality of Drug Addicts Under Compulsory Rehabilitation

目的分析强制戒毒人员的生存质量状况及其影响因素,为制定提高戒毒人员生存质量的戒毒措施提供依据。方法 2018-12/2019-03采用药物成瘾者生存质量评定量表(QOL-DA)对永济市强制戒毒人员进行生存质量测定,运用多重线性回归分析其影响因素。结果调查了625名强制戒毒人员,均为男性,平均年龄不足40岁、文化程度低,以无业者居多,单纯吸食海洛因达到60%,吸食冰毒超过了20%,吸食方式以烫吸为主。强制戒毒吸毒人员躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、戒毒症状以及生命质量总分分别为28.69±7.57、30.25±6.14、33.40±7.54、42.48±10.16和134.86±25.98。影响强制戒毒人员的生命质量的因素为近1周存在精神问题、认为戒毒不重要和戒毒次数,不患吸毒相关疾病、戒毒持续时间和首次戒毒年龄等。结论永济市强制戒毒人员生命质量较低,应采取综合卫生服务措施,特别是有针对性地开展心理健康。

Objective To analyze the quality of life and its influencing factors of drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation,in order to provide a basis for formulating measures of rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of drug addicts.Methods Quality of life assessment scale of drug addicts(QOL-DA)was used to measure the quality of life of drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation in Yongji City from December,2018 to March,2019.The study used multiple linear regression to analyze its influencing factors.Results A survey of 625 drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation was conducted,all of whom were male,with an average age of less than 40 years old and low educational level.Most of them were unemployed,with 60%of heroin users and over 20%of crystal meth users,the main wayof drug use was scalding and snorting.The total scores of physical function,psychological function,social function,drug withdrawal symptoms and life quality of drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation were 28.69±7.57,30.25±6.14,33.40±7.54,42.48±10.16 and 134.86±25.98,respectively.The factors affecting the quality of life of drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation were mental problems in the past week,the perception that detoxification was not important,the number of times of detoxification,the absence of drug-related diseases,the duration of detoxification,and the age of the first detoxification.Conclusion The quality of life of the drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation in Yongji city is low,comprehensive health service measures should be adopted,especially targeted mental health service measures.