2019年重庆市沙坪坝区疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果分析

Adverse Events Following Immunization in Shapingba District of Chongqing in 2019

目的分析重庆市沙坪坝区2019年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse events following immunization,AEFI)流行病学特征。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统AEFI监测系统和重庆市免疫规划信息系统分别收集2019年发生的AEFI个案数据、疫苗接种数据,对AEFI特征进行描述性流行病学分析。结果沙坪坝区2019年共报告258例AEFI,总报告发生率为46.56/10万剂,女性51.55%,病例集中在0~1岁儿童(63.57%),第二、三季度报告最多。其中一般反应170例(30.68/10万剂)、异常反应73例(13.18/10万剂)。发生AEFI居前3位的疫苗为麻风疫苗(205.34/10万剂)、无细胞百白破疫苗(88.71/10万剂)、麻腮风疫苗(79.08/10万剂);一般反应中临床症状多以发热、红肿、硬结等为主;在异常反应中,严重异常反应9例(3.49/10万剂),异常反应临床损害前3位的是过敏性皮疹、热性惊厥、卡介苗瘢痕疙瘩。68.22%(176/258)的AEFI在疫苗接种后0~1 d发生,94.57%的AEFI临床转归为治愈或好转。结论沙坪坝区AEFI信息管理系统运行良好,监测敏感性较高。2019年报告AEFI以一般反应为主,严重异常反应报告发生率极低,但仍需继续做好监测、报告和处置工作。

Objective To describe characteristics and incidence of adverse events following immunization(AEFIs) in Shapingba District of Chongqing in 2019.Methods Data on reported AEFI cases and vaccine doses in 2019 were collected from the National Immunization Program Information Management System and Chongqing Immunization Planning Information Management System.Descriptive statistics of AEFI characteristics were conducted.Results In total,258 AEFIs were reported,for an estimated incidence of 46.56 cases per 105 doses administered.Female accounted for 51.55% of the total cases.The AEFI cases were mainly concentrated in the children aged 0-1 years,accounting for63.57% of the total cases.The majority of the cases was reported from April to September.Of these reported cases,170(30.68 per 105) were common vaccine reactions and 73(13.18 per 105)were rare vaccine reactions.The top three vaccines caused AEF1 were measles and rubella combined vaccine-live(205.34 per 105),diphtheria tetanus acellular pertussis combined vaccine(88.71 per 105),and measles mumps and rubella combined vaccine-live(79.08 per 105).The clinical symptoms mainly involved fever,red swelling and indurations.Among the rare vaccine reactions,9(3.49 per105) were serious reactions.The top three clinical damage of rare adverse reactions were allergic rashes,febrile convulsion and keloid caused by BCG.The AEFI commonly occurred within one day after vaccination(68.22%,176/258),and 94.57% of AEFIs was cured or improved.Conclusion The AEFI surveillance system was properly operated with a fairly high monitoring sensitivity in Shapingba district in 2019.AEFI cases were generally the common vaccine reaction.Most reported AEFIs were common vaccine reactions in 2019;there was an extremely low incidence of serious vaccine reactions.However,surveillance,reporting and disposal work should be continued.